GREEN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: ENERGY-EFFICIENT COMPUTING ARCHITECTURES FOR SUSTAINABLE DIGITAL FUTURES

Abstract

The exponential growth of digital technologies has placed significant demands on energy resources, creating both economic and environmental challenges. Green Information Technology (Green IT) represents a paradigm shift toward sustainable computing, where energy efficiency, carbon reduction, and environmentally responsible practices are integrated into digital systems. This study explores the development of energy-efficient computing architectures that can serve as a foundation for sustainable digital futures. Through a review of processor designs, data center infrastructures, and cloud-based architectures, the paper highlights key strategies such as dynamic voltage scaling, virtualization, edge computing, and renewable energy integration. The findings suggest that adopting Green IT principles not only reduces energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions but also enhances cost-effectiveness and system longevity. Moreover, a comparative analysis of traditional and energy-efficient architectures demonstrates clear performance trade-offs, where modern sustainable approaches achieve notable reductions in energy overhead without compromising computational capabilities. This article contributes to the broader discourse on eco-friendly digital transformation, emphasizing the need for governance policies, technological innovation, and interdisciplinary collaboration to address climate change while ensuring robust digital infrastructures for future societies.